Identification_Information:
Citation:
Citation_Information:
Originator: James R. Anderson, Ernest E. Hardy, John T. Roach,
and Richard E. Witmer
Publication_Date: 1976
Title: A Land Use and Land Cover Classification System for Use with
Remote Sensor Data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 964
Online_Linkage: ftp://nmdpow9.er.usgs.gov/public/lulcpp964
Citation_Information:
Originator: U.S. Geological Survey
Publication_Date: 1990
Title: USGeoData 1:250,000 and 1:100,000 Scale Land Use and
Land Cover and Associated Maps Digital Data
Publication_Information:
Publication_Place: Reston, Virginia
Publisher: U.S. Geological Survey
Online_Linkage: ftp://nmdpow9.er.usgs.gov/public/lulcguide
Description: This is land use/ land cover digital data
collected by USGS and converted to ARC/INFO by the EPA. This
data is useful for environmental assessment of land use
patterns with respect to water quality analysis, growth
management, and other types of environmental impact
assessment. Use may be limited due to currency.
Abstract:
Land use and land cover data LU/LC collected by the USGS NMD is useful
for environmental assessment of land use patterns with respect to
water quality analysis, growth management, and other types of
environmental impact assessment.
Data are meant to be used by quadrangle, or among adjacent quadrangles
where temporally contiguous. Can be used in any geographic application
where intermediate scale land use data are appropriate and the dates
are representative.
Each quadrangle of land use data has a different representative date.
Date ranges from mid 1970s to early 1980s are common. When joined togethr
these quadrangles will not likely match along edges due to differences in
interpretation and time coverage. Edges of each map file were manually
digitized and may not join neighboring maps. If GIRASNEAT program hasbeen
applied (see LOG at end) then edges have been mathematically recalculated
to join without overlap or gaps in coverage with adjacent maps.
The GIRAS series can include several themes of spatial data. The most
common, described here, is the land use and land cover data. Land use
was mapped and coded using the Anderson classification system (Anderson
others,1976) which is a hierarchical system of general (level 1) to more
specific (level 2) characterization. Some agencies have taken this to a
level 3 classification -- but this has not been done in the GIRAS series.
The salient attribute managed for this polygon data set in the polygon
attribute table (PAT) is the column named LUCODE containing the Anderson
level 2 classification. The first digit represents the level one value
and the second digit (ones place) represents the subdivision of the level
1 or level 2 value.
The Anderson land use codes are:
1 Urban or built-up land
11 Residental
12 Commercial and services
13 Industrial
14 Transportation, communication, utilities
15 Industrial and commercial complexes
16 Mixed urban or built-up land
17 Other urban or built-up land
2 Agricultural land
21 Cropland and pasture
22 Orchards, groves, vineyards, nurseries, and ornamental horticultural
23 Confined feeeding operations
24 Other agricultural land
3 Rangeland
31 Herbaceous rangeland
32 Shrub and brush rangeland
33 Mixed rangeland
4 Forest land
41 Deciduous forest land
42 Evergreen forest land
43 Mixed forest land
5 Water
51 Streams and canals
52 Lakes
53 Reservoirs
54 Bays and estuaries
6 Wetland
61 Forested wetland
62 Nonforested wetland
7 Barren land
71 Dry salt flats
72 Beaches
73 Sandy areas not beaches
74 Bare exposed rock
75 Strip mines, quarries, gravel pits
76 Transitional areas
8 Tundra
81 Shrub and brush tundra
82 Herbaceous tundra
83 Bare ground
84 Wet tundra
85 Mixed tundra
9 Perennial snow or ice
91 Perennial snowfields
92 Glaciers
GIRAS files are received by the USGS in 9-track ASCII format, one file
per quadrangle. Files are loaded onto the hard disk of the computer
from tape. Data are then processed with the GIRASARC2 program written in
Arc Macro Language, part of the ARC/INFO geographic information system.
This program was written by the USGS Water Resources Division to process
the data into a consistent ARC/INFO format with a minimum of intervention.
This GIRASARC2 AML
program does the following:
-- Converts the GIRAS data to ARC/INFO
-- Reconstructs topology, creating line and polygon features
-- Transforms the coverage into UTM and then, optionally into Albers
Equal Area, using the registration points listed in the GIRAS file
-- Notes transformation error, writing it to the bottom of the narrative
file.
-- Generates a synthetic neatline based on the mathematically-determined
corners of the map
-- Loads available documentation into a series of companion documentation
files with each data set.
-- Data may then be clipped against or extended to the synthetic neatline
for ease in merging adjacent maps at a later date
A GIRASNEAT AML
program does the following:
--standardize processing of coverages after use of girasarc2 AML,
--clips in-cover with neatline cover,
--dissolves polygon boundaries between polygon with the same item attribute
--snaps exterior arcs to the arcs of the neatline cover with a tolerance of
40 meters
Original conversion from GIRAS to ARC (see LOG for date and user ID)
Data are reviewed visually by the user responsible for executing the
GIRASARC2 program.
The GIRASARC2 and GIRASNEAT programs were executed in Arc Macro Language
to create this data set. The DOCUMENT AML (version 1.0) was used to
manage the documentation and create this metadata file.
Purpose: To convert the GIRAS data into EPA's standard Geographic
Information System (GIS) called ARC/INFO software from ESRI.
Time_Period_of_Content:
Time_Period_Information:
Range_of_Dates/Times:
Beginning_Date: 1977
Ending_Date: early 1980s
Currentness_Reference: publication date
Status:
Progress: complete
Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: unknown
Spatial_Domain:
Bounding_Coordinates:
West_Bounding_Coordinate: -125.0000
East_Bounding_Coordinate: -66.0000
North_Bounding_Coordinate: 50.0000
South_Bounding_Coordinate: 24.0000
Keywords:
Theme:
Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Theme_Keyword: land
Theme_Keyword: landuse
Theme_Keyword: landcover
Theme_Keyword: GIRAS
Theme_Keyword: digital
Theme_Keyword: geographic
Place:
Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: none
Place_Keyword: United States (US) (USA)
Place_Keyword: conterminous United States (CONUS)
Access_Contraints: none
Use_Contraints: none. Acknowledgement of the U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency would be appreciated.
Browse_Graphic:
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://www.epa.gov/nsdi/quadsusa.gif
Browse_Graphic_File_Description: This graphic shows the outline of CONUS
and the outline of the 450 plus 1:250,000 scale (1 degree latitude by
2 degrees longitude) land use/land cover quadrangles.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://www.epa.gov/nsdi/thief.gif
Browse_Graphic_File_Description: This graphic shows the outline of the
land use/land cover classification polygons for the Thief River Falls
quadrangle in northwestern Minnesota.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF
Browse_Graphic_File_Name: http://www.epa.gov/nsdi/lucode.gif
Browse_Graphic_File_Description: This graphic shows the outline of the
land use/land cover classification polygons and the classification code
identifying each polygon.
Browse_Graphic_File_Type: GIF
Native_Data_Set_Environment: GIRAS files were received from the USGS on
9-track ASCII formatted tape, one file per quadrangle. These tape files
were transferred to an IBM390 computer with several gigabytes of magnetic
disk. Each quadrangle file was then transferred using file transfer protocol
(FTP) on the Internet to a Data General 5240 UNIX server to be processed. The
processing was done with the GIS software ARC/INFO version 6. The processed
datasets were then FTP transferred to a Data General 9500 server for public
access using a WWW server Mosaic version 2.1 software.
Data_Quality_Information:
Logical_Consistency_Report: Polygon and chain-node topology present.
Completeness_Report: See Data Set Description Section
Lineage: Example of the GIS process for the Kenora Quadrangle.
Process_Step:
Process_Description: GIRASARC KENORA TMPCOV
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1124
Process_Description: BUILD TMPCOV POLY
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1124
Process_Description: CREATE KENLL
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1124
Process_Description: PROJECT COVER KENLL /EXDISK2/ED/GIRASNEW/WORK/KEN
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1125
Process_Description: TRANSFORM TMPCOV /EXDISK2/ED/GIRASNEW/WORK/KEN
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1125
Process_Description: RENAME KEN KENU
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1125
Process_Description: PROJECT COVER KENU KEN
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1126
Process_Description: BUILD KEN POLY
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1126
Process_Description: GIRASDOCUMENT KEN ED
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1127
Process_Description: GIRASARC2 KENORA KEN ALBERS -96 00 00 ED
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1127
Process_Description: CLIP KEN KENNL XXCOV POLY 1
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1133
Process_Description: GIRASARC KENORA TMPCOV
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1124
Process_Description: BUILD TMPCOV POLY
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1124
Process_Description: CREATE KENLL
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1124
Process_Description: PROJECT COVER KENLL /EXDISK2/ED/GIRASNEW/WORK/KEN
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1125
Process_Description: TRANSFORM TMPCOV /EXDISK2/ED/GIRASNEW/WORK/KEN
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1125
Process_Description: RENAME KEN KENU
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1125
Process_Description: PROJECT COVER KENU KEN
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1126
Process_Description: BUILD KEN POLY
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1126
Process_Description: GIRASDOCUMENT KEN ED
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1127
Process_Description: GIRASARC2 KENORA KEN ALBERS -96 00 00 ED
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1127
Process_Description: CLIP KEN KENNL XXCOV POLY 1
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1133
Process_Description: COPY XXCOV LKE49094
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1133
Process_Description: BUILD LKE49094 LINE
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1134
Process_Description: ARCEDIT /EXDISK2/ED/GIRASNEW/WORK/LKE49094
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1140
Process_Description: BUILD LKE49094 POLY
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1140
Process_Description: GIRASNEAT KEN LKE49094 KENNL # SNAP ED
Process_Date: 19930426
Process_Time: 1140
Spatial_Reference_Information:
Horizonal_Coordinate_System_Definition:
Planar:
Map_Projection:
Map_Projection_Name: Albers Conical Equal Area
Map_Projection_Parameters:
1st standard parallel is 29 degrees, 30 minutes, 0 seconds
2nd standard parallel is 45 degrees, 30 minutes, 0 seconds
central meridian is -96 degrees, 0 minutes, 0 seconds
latitude of projection origin is 23 degrees, 0 minutes, 0 seconds
false easting is 0 meters
false northing is 0 meters
Geodetic_Model:
Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927
Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866
Entity_and_Attribute_Information:
Detailed_Description:
Entity_Type:
Entity_Type_Label: name.PAT where "name" is a user supplied character
string.
Entity_Type_Definition: Standard ARC/INFO polygon attribute table.
Entity_Type_Definition_Source: GIRAS digital data
Attribute:
Attribute_Label: AREA
Attribute_Definition: Area of polygons
Attribute_Definition_Source: computed
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: positive real number almost zero but not zero
Range_Domain_Maximum: positive real number but no larger than the
area of the quadrangle in square meters.
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: square meters
Attribute_Label: PERIMETER
Attribute_Definition: Perimeter of polygons
Attribute_Definition_Source: computed
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: positive real number almost zero but not zero
Range_Domain_Maximum: positive real number but no larger than the
perimeter of the quadrangle in meters.
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: meters
Attribute_Label: name# where "name" is user supplied character string
Attribute_Definition: Internal database feature number
Attribute_Definition_Source: computed
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: zero
Range_Domain_Maximum: unique positive integer
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: none
Attribute_Label: name-ID where "name" is user supplied character string
Attribute_Definition: User assign polygon identification number
Attribute_Definition_Source: computed
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Range_Domain:
Range_Domain_Minimum: one
Range_Domain_Maximum: unique positive integer
Attribute_Units_of_Measure: none
Attribute_Label: LUCODE
Attribute_Definition: Land use classification code number
Attribute_Definition_Source: GIRAS
Attribute_Domain_Values:
Codeset_Domain:
Codeset_Name: Anderson land use classification codes
Codeset_Source: see Publication_Information U.S.G.S. paper 964
Distribution_Information:
Standard_Transfer_Options:
Digital_Form:
Digital_Transfer_Information:
Format_Name: ARCE
File_Decompression_Technique: GNU utility gzip
Digital_Transfer_Option:
Online_Option:
Computer_Contact_Information:
Network_Adress:
Network_Resource_Name:
Fees: The online option is available at no charge.
Metadata_Reference_Information:
Metadata_Date: 7/11/96
Metadata_Contact:
Contact_Information:
Contact_Person_Primary:
Contact_Person: Edward Partington
Contact_Organization: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
Contact_Organization_Primary:
Contact_Position: Computer Specialist
Contact Address:
Address_Type: mailing address
Address: mailcode 3408, 401 M St. SW
City: Washington, DC
State: DC
Postal_Code: 20460
Country: USA
Contact_Voice_Telephone: (202) 260-3106
Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: (202) 401-8390
Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: partington.ed@epamail.epa.gov
Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC Content Standard for Digital Geospatial Metadata
Metadata_Standard_Version: 6/8/94