Finding Aid for Biltmore Estate Forestry Department Manager's Records, Series O |
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Collection Information
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Abstract: Series O of The Biltmore Estate Forestry Department Manager's Records contains business and personal correspondence dated 1895 to 1909, predominately incoming correspondence collected and preserved by George Vanderbilt's Biltmore Estate Forestry Department Office. Copies of outgoing correspondence, presumably letters written by Biltmore Estate Forest Manager, Dr. Carl Alwin Schenck are included. Series O contains a large percentage of letters to Dr. Schenck from Frederick Law Olmsted Junior. In addition, there are letters from the firm Olmsted, Olmsted & Eliot, Landscaping Architects and the firm Olmsted, Olmsted & Eliot, Landscaping Architects. The letters provide important information on landscaping of George Vanderbilt's properties in Western North Carolina. Series O also contains letters from the surveyor, F. E. Olmsted. Finally, Series O holds many letters from Biltmore Forest School students and prospective students, vendors wishing to sell goods and services, lumber merchants and buyers, persons requesting Dr. Schenck's publications and landowners communicating about the sale of tracts adjoining or within the boundaries of George Vanderbilt's lands.
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Descriptive Summary
Scope and Content NoteLike the other series in the Biltmore Estate Forestry Department Manager's Records, Series O documents the formation of scientific forestry across the world. Series O is a small but very important series as it contains a large percentage of letters from Frederick Law Olmsted Junior. He was a son of Frederick Law Olmsted, the noted landscaper who worked for George Vanderbilt in the establishment of Biltmore Estate. This series contains letters from the firm Olmsted, Olmsted & Eliot, Landscaping Architects. This landscaping firm consisted of Frederick Law Olmsted, John Charles Olmsted and Charles Eliot. Warren H. Manning was the Superintendent of Planting. Edward D. Bolton was the Superintendent of Construction. They were based out of Brookline, Massachusetts. Frederick Law Olmsted corresponded with Dr. Schenck as a part of Olmsted, Olmsted & Eliot from 1896 to1897. In 1897 Frederick Law Olmsted wrote to Dr. Schenck as part of F. L. & J. C. Olmsted, Landscape Architects. Then, along with his step-brother, John Charles Olmsted, Frederick Law Olmsted Junior formed Olmsted Brothers Landscape Architects. The company was located in Brookline, Mass. Frederick Law Olmsted corresponded with Dr. Schenck as a part of Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects from 1898 to1907. Series O of the Biltmore Estate Forestry Department Manager's Records also contains a group of letters from F. E. Olmsted. He was a surveyor working for Dr. Schenck. He later went to Germany to study forestry. F. E. Olmsted's letters range in date from 1895 to 1904. Collection OrganizationRecords are filed by correspondent's last name in the case of individual persons. They are filed by company's name for institutions and businesses. It also appears that some clerks preferred to file records by the names of company's managers or agents. Therefore, one organization may be represented in the filing system by several letters depending on the variety of individuals' names within that particular group. In addition, miscellaneous manuscripts are filed in folders carrying a description of the material as a title. Collection ArrangementThe documents have been arranged alphabetically by correspondents' name, and then, chronologically by date. This organization follows the records' original provenance, in that they were first filed in alphabetical order. It appears the original filing system consisted of placing newer records to the front of older ones, thus keeping working material up-to-date. Online Catalog Terms
Related MaterialBiltmore Estate Forestry Department Manager's Records Collection | Series A | Series B | Series C | Series D | Series E | Series F | Series G | Series H | Series I | Series J | Series K | Series L | Series M | Series N | Series P | Series Q | Series R | Series S | Series T | Series U | Series V | Series W | Series XYZ | Series Additional Materials Container ListBox.Folder 27.0001March 8, 1898- A man was referred to Biltmore Forest School by Mr. Jack of the Harvard University, Arnold Arboretum. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0002Correspondence from individuals seeking employment from Dr. Schenck. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0003September 10, 1906- A saw manufacturing company in New York City read in a trade paper that George Vanderbilt's plant was "destroyed by fire." They hope to sell him new saws. July 1908- Dr. Schenck ordered envelopes from Outlook Envelope Company of Chicago, IL. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0004January 13, 1903- Reverend P. P. Orr of Clotho, N.C. notes Turkey Creek property "has been used by all the churches but has been governed by the Baptist." Would like a deed made to the School Committee at Turkey Creek, with land "to be used as a Preaching Station." January 30, 1903- Instead of sending the deed for Turkey Creek School House, Dr. Schenck sent a deed for land for a church in Gloucester Township. They could get no support for the school since they didn't have the deed. They had to stop school and will have to stop religious services for the winter. February 4, [1909?]- Rev. Orr made the deed to Dr. Schenck for the Masidonia [sic] Church. Hopes to soon get the deed for Turkey Creek. Includes sketch of un-owned land adjoining Rev. Orr's and the Carnes' land. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0005This folder has records concerning people and companies as customers or potential customers of Biltmore lumber. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0006This folder contains two letters about selling wood to Dr. Schenck. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0007A man wants to sell a deer to Biltmore Estate. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0008September 25, 1902- Mrs. E. P. Ogden of Knoxville, TN. wants to know why her son, Biltmore Forest School student Ansel R. Ogden, does not reply to her letters. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0009M. N. Offutt writes to express thanks for the literature sent to him by Dr. Schenck. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0010This folder includes requests to stay at the Pisgah lodge. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0011Miscellaneous correspondence concerning Dr. Schenck's employees and contracted laborers. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0012May 18, 1906- M. J. Orr wants to have a Fourth of July Picnic and "Oldtime singing + union day" at the Davidson River. List of ministers to speak. July 15, 1905- Orr thanks Dr. Schenck. The festival day was well attended and enjoyable. One feature was Orr's drum and picalo [piccolo?] music. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0013July 22, 1905- Representative of Oregon Land and Water Company comments humorously on unionization and the length of the workweek. February 6, 1908- Dr. Schenck appears to have been a member of the Ohio State Forestry Society. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0014July 20, 1903- Request of a recommendation for Ernst Bruncken, who applied as superintendent [of forestry?] in Wisconsin. August 3, 1903- Schenck also recommended Mr. Gaskill as superintendent. April 21, 1905- Non-signed letter suggests changes to Dr. Schenck's Forest Utilization Syllabus. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0015May 24, 1897- A. H. Olmsted complains about the Golden Eagles and American Eagles "which Mally has in a little coop." Olmsted was distressed at the captivity of the rare eagles when taken to see them as part of a tour of the area. August 9, 1902- Marion Olmsted of Deer Isle, Maine expresses sympathy for Dr. Schenck in his loss. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0016Correspondence from Charles E. Oak, State of Maine, Land Office and Office of Commissioners of Inland Fisheries and Game. Augusta, Maine. December 2, 1897- Thanks Dr. and Mrs. Schenck for their hospitality. He will provide fish spawn, especially of the Brown Trout. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0017Correspondence from Harry C. Oberholser, Biological Survey, Department of Agriculture. Washington D.C. September 2, 1904- Taught a course on Zoology at Biltmore Forest School the previous summer. March 31, 1905- Hopes to teach at Biltmore Forest School again in the summer. Needs information on beaver and otter occurrences for the pamphlet he is writing on North Carolina birds and mammals. May 9, 1905- Looking forward to coming to Pink Beds in July. Needs information on fox squirrel, mink and wildcat. June 3 and 18, 1905- Needs to know printing details for his list on N.C. birds and mammals. Dr. Schenck will use the list. August 10, 1905- Taught another Zoology class at Biltmore Forest School that summer. Wants altitudes of places where skins were collected for George Vanderbilt. September 12, 1905- List is in a second printing. October 6, 1905- Sent copies of the list and cost of printing to Dr. Schenck. September 5, 1906- Taught Zoology again during the summer. May 4, 1907- Sad to hear that Biltmore Forest School is in poor financial shape. He offers to lecture for free if travel expenses are paid. July 27, 1907- Returning exams after teaching at Biltmore Forest School earlier in the summer. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0018Correspondence from A. R. Ogburn. Asheville, N.C. George Vanderbilt contracted with him to plant large numbers of apple trees and pear trees. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0019Correspondence from Emma O'Kelley. Candler, N.C. She sent meteorological reports to Dr. Schenck. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0020Correspondence from Ranger John O'Kelley. Candler, N.C. April 14, 1905- List of skins collected by Tom Howell, Pink Smith and John O'Kelley. May 6, 1905- Had offers to buy wool from the sheep. May 29, 1905- "The Cogburns and others want to have the Buck Spring wagon road kept up by the public from Cogburns gate to Cruso." June 10, 1905- Description of his location of work on Bradley Creek Road. O'Kelley looking to buy a horse for Dr. Schenck. June 24, 1905- Taylor & Schenck milldam was washed away. July 5, 1905- People near Sycamore changed their road. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0021Correspondence from Ranger John O'Kelley. Candler, N.C. August 12, 1905- Location of D. M. Rochester land. M. Sitton is now in control of the Sycamore Road. The old road is now filled. Using Buck Spring Road. Lists of monies received for various services. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0022Correspondence from Ranger John O'Kelley. Candler, N.C. Renting land, settling logging contracts and negotiating land purchases. Lists of monies received for various services. October 28, 1905- Report on putting up sheep for the winter. November 12, 1905- Costs of Stuart + Schenck mill repairs. Tom Howell and Pink Smith are raising turkeys. Tom Howell plans to claim damages for the injures he reported to have suffered from being thrown from a mule. George Vanderbilt was riding with him at the time of the accident. November 25, 1905- "Christmas List." Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0023Correspondence from Ranger John O'Kelley. Candler, N.C. December 2, 1905- More on Tom Howell's accident. O'Kelley says that Howell, who was thrown by a mule, left the Lodge riding his horse. December 16, 1905- Estimation of seeds for the vegetable garden at Buck Spring Lodge. The celery and onions did not do well. January 6, 1906- Will not stay at Buck Spring Lodge as Ranger/Lodge Keeper for $60. He needs $75 a month. Appears to have done work as a Ranger during February 1908. Non-dated notes about paying for Pink Smith's school expenses. August 17, 1908- Letter from Mrs. John O'Kelley. Mr. O'Kelley passed away. She wanted to settle matters with Dr. Schenck. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0024Correspondence from Leory O Kelley. Davidson's River, N.C. He hauled lumber for Dr. Schenck. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0025Correspondence to Dr. Schenck from Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects. January 17, 1898- Frederick Law Olmsted Junior asks Dr. Schenck's advice on buying a numbering hammer and Rhine wine. January 18 and February 3, 1898- FLO Jr. thinks East Tennessee Lumber and Manufacturing Company's circulars contain false information. January 27, 1898- Want cost of split-oak park paling that was proposed as fencing material at Biltmore. February 6, 1898- E. T. L. & M. Co. sent an engineer to visit. FLO Jr. would like to visit their holdings. February 18, 1898- Location of E. T. L. & M. Co.'s lands. February 21, 1898- Mr. Sudworth did a cursory examination of E. T. L. & M. Co.'s lands and says some of their claims may be true. February 28, 1898- FLO Jr. thinks E. T. L. & M. Co. is being deceptive about their timber yields. The numbers don't compare with what could be taken even from the Sequoias! November 26, 1898- FLO Jr. recommends the Watkin clinometer and the prismatic compass. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0026Correspondence to Carl Schenck from Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects of Brookline, MA. May 16, 1899- Frederick Law Olmsted Junior ordered a gift of bellows to show the warmth of his regard for Dr. and Mrs. Schenck's hospitality. April 21, 1899- FLO Jr. asks Dr. Schenck to make a quotation on split-oak paling to R. S. Smith. They might be used at the Norton place. August 2, 1899- Griffiths too young and too inexperienced for the work at hand, according to FLO Jr. November 7, 1899- Lengthy letter detailing FLO Jr.'s opinions on the Adirondack Arbitration Case. Includes his thoughts on Pinchot's actions and the young United States Division of Forestry. He is somewhat nervous in his role of arbitrator and hopes that Dr. Schenck and Pinchot can continue to cooperate. December 27, 1899- FLO Jr.'s advice on Dr. Schenck's work at WoodNorton. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0027Correspondence to Dr. Schenck from Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects. Brookline, MA. January 1, 1900- Frederick Law Olmsted Junior mentions he is sending a paper that he read at the meeting of the American Park and Outdoor Art Association. January 15, 1900- Long letter from Frederick Law Olmsted Junior stating his opinions on whether the Landscape Department or Forestry Department of Biltmore Estate should remove "dying trees and overconspicuous [sic] standards near the main roads." He writes about division of labor on Biltmore Estate. March- FLO Jr. asks if repairs are being made to surroundings at Woodcote. April 20, 1900- FLO Jr. suggests the Glen Road or the Bass Pond road as possible entrance points, if the ridge southeast of the Bass Pond will be used as a pass for access to the crest of the ridge from Biltmore House. He mentions the planned location for the deer park fence. April 20 and 27, 1901- FLO Jr. recommends building a road on the southwesterly side of Four Mile Branch. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0028Correspondence to Dr. Schenck from Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects. Brookline, MA. September 28, 1903- Long and important handwritten letter to Dr. Schenck from Frederick Law Olmsted Junior. FLO Jr. writes of how the Biltmore Estate Forestry Department is developing faster and will need more money than George Vanderbilt has resolved to finance. FLO Jr. writes of George Vanderbilt's motives and his goals of "building a lodge at Looking Glass," "possessing a continuous territory from Biltmore House to Davidson River and maintaining the best herbarium and botanical library in the Southern states." FLO Jr. tells Dr. Schenck that he must give George Vanderbilt practical forestry advice based on George Vanderbilt's finances, as opposed to Dr. Schenck promoting his own interests for Pisgah Forest. FLO Jr. gives Dr. Schenck personal advice and says that he must not give up at Biltmore and go to take a professorship in Germany. FLO Jr. also advises Dr. Schenck not to overstate things while communicating his wishes. November 24, 1903- FLO Jr. thinks "Appalachia," the annual publication of the Appalachian Club, should run an article on Pisgah Forest. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0029Correspondence to Dr. Schenck from Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects. Brookline, MA. May 2, 1905- Frederick Law Olmsted Junior writes that Dr. Schenck's "Forest Utilization" pamphlet should have a complete alphabetical index. He also offers to help Dr. Schenck with "the occasional liberties you take with the English language.." May 24, 1905- FLO Jr. writes of Edward Burnett being hired to review the accounting books and management of the Biltmore Estate Farm Department. FLO Jr. asks Dr. Schenck what kind of man he would want to do the same for the Forestry Department, if George Vanderbilt wished to hire someone for that purpose. July 27, 1905- FLO Jr.'s letter of introduction for his nephew, Edward S. Bryant. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0030Correspondence to Dr. Schenck from Olmsted Brothers, Landscape Architects. Brookline, MA. January 7, 1906- Frederick Law Olmsted Junior recommends Jack Adams as a Biltmore Forest School student. FLO Jr. writes of his work in California. September 17, 1906- FLO Jr. writes upon receipt of a publication from Dr. Schenck. FLO Jr. believes that Frederick Law Olmsted Sr. would agree with Dr. Schenck's emphasis on Pinus mitis. Writes of his trip to the forests of Newfoundland and his nephew, Ned Bryant, a forestry student. October 2, 1906- FLO Jr. sad to hear of Dr. Schenck's insomnia. He writes that he also suffers from it. March 18, 1907- FLO Jr. recommends Dr. Schenck read "President Eliot's" speech to honor Carl Schurz. April 19, 1907- FLO Jr. writes that he will move to San Francisco, CA. to become manager of the California Inspection District. May 9, 1907- FLO Jr. writes about Dr. Schenck's formula for normal growing stock and his "funny little Schenckisms" in the "Forest Management" pamphlet. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0031Correspondence from F. E. Olmsted. Pink Beds, N.C. and other locations. December 1, 1895- F.E.O. hears from his cousin, John Olmsted, that his position at Biltmore has been decided. He will be surveying. References to making a triangulation and to Mr. Perkins. March 6, 28, 1896- Writing from Pink Beds, N.C. He is surveying Hyman Knob. Gives the locations of his flags. Case and Ramseur are assisting him. October 26, 1896- Writing from Cambridge, MA where he is studying forestry. He hopes to work-study in Germany in the next year. Glad to hear "little Jimmy Case" is at Buck Spring Lodge. December 19, 1896- Wants to stay at Biltmore for the winter. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0032Correspondence from F. E. Olmsted. January 20, 1898- Writing from Cambridge, MA. Glad to hear Dr. Schenck will establish a school of forestry at Biltmore. Gives lists of University newspapers. March 27, 1898- F.E.O. plans to go to Germany. Dr. Schenck gave him a letter of introduction to Sir Brandis. February 26, 1899- F.E.O. gives details of his studies in Germany. Non-dated portion of a letter with details on studying in Germany and reference to Brandis. August 14, 1902- Writing from Washington D.C. as a U.S.D.A. Bureau of Forestry Field Assistant. September 24, 1902- Writing as U.S.D.A. Bureau of Forestry Chief. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0033Correspondence to Dr. Schenck from F. L. & J. C. Olmsted, Landscape Architects. Brookline, MA. May 14, 1897- Frederick Law Olmsted Junior interested in Dr. Schenck's budget. FLO Jr. writes about reprinting the Biltmore Guide Map. September 30, 1897- FLO Jr. writes that Schenck should consult with Beadle on removing dead trees near the Glen Road. More on cutting trees along macadamized roads. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0034Correspondence to Dr. Schenck from Olmsted, Olmsted & Eliot, Landscape Architects. Brookline, MA. January 5, 1896- Letter about whether the Landscape Department or Forester Department have jurisdiction over the roads on Biltmore Estate. Advice on building permanent forest roads with directions and sketches of "thank-ye-ma'ams" type cross drains. January 6, 1896- Frederick Law Olmsted Junior is very excited that, partly thanks to Mr. Perkins, the Coast Survey and Geological Survey will furnish instruments and help at Pisgah Forest survey. January 20, 1896- FLO Jr. praises Mr. Perkins' expertise in triangulations. January 27, 1896- FLO Jr. and Dr. Schenck are disappointed with George Vanderbilt's and Charles McNamee's views on Pisgah Forest survey. March 2, 1896- Dr. Schenck disappointed that George Vanderbilt does not wish any government help in Pisgah survey. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0035Correspondence to Dr. Schenck from Olmsted, Olmsted & Eliot, Landscape Architects. Brookline, MA. "Extract from Letter of April 11, 1896"- Letter to George Vanderbilt with specific advice on "various matters of design" of Biltmore Estate landscape. Concerns extent and location of farm lands and their relations to the forests. February 9, 1897- Plans for earth roads on Ducker Mountain. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0036Miscellaneous correspondence from P. C. Orpin, Photographer. Asheville, N.C. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0037Correspondence from A. K. Orr, Treasurer, Transylvania Railroad Company . Brevard, N.C. Includes miscellaneous correspondence on arrival of goods and freight rates. November 5, 1903- Orr asked Mr. Gillespie to be agent of the new station at Pisgah Forest. March 22, 1904- Southern Railway will "put on" extra trains in June. Transylvania Railroad Company will begin a Sunday train around that time. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0038Correspondence from A. K. Orr, Division Freight Agent, Southern Railway Company. Asheville, N.C. May 29, 1906- Annotated list of freight rates from Pisgah Forest to various cities. November 21, 1906- Received application for side track at Biltmore Estate. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0039Correspondence from C. E. Orr, Proprietor, Main Street Livery and Feed Stables. Brevard, N.C. He wanted to sell horses to Dr. Schenck. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0040Correspondence from J. W. Orr. Brevard, N.C. October 11, 1901- Asks George Vanderbilt for help in building a larger house. People at Davidson River are very poor. They need help in building a church. January 28, 1902- Thanks Dr. Schenck for $25 check. They want to start a school at the church. Requests for a church bell and help rebuilding the church. Trustees are J. W. Orr, C. C. Case and S. L. Hollingsworth. Glad to hear that a [moonshine] still was shut down. Hopes they can all be closed. December 11, 1902- Dr. Schenck sent money for the church and school. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0041Correspondence from Thos. W. Osteen, Penman, Asheville Business College. Asheville, N.C. He made a memorial for F. C. Fisher at the request of Dr. Schenck. Dr. Schenck did not like the quality of the finished product however, and Osteen sent a personally insulting letter in reply to Schenck's complaint. Online Catalog Terms
Box.Folder 27.0042Correspondence from and to Senator Lee S. Overman. Washington D.C. December 11, 1908- Copy of a letter in which Dr. Schenck, who calls himself "the oldest teacher and the oldest practitioner of forestry in the United States," argues that tariffs on woodgoods must not be abolished. He mentions George Vanderbilt's work, forestry as a business and the necessity of planting a second growth to prevent "the slaughter of the forest." Online Catalog Terms
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