apa style and plagiarism
Department of Adult and Higher education
APA Style
When citing sources, consistency and completeness are extremely important.
The APA style is one of many styles that can be used to ensure that all sources
are cited completely, correctly, and with consistency. Reference
lists in APA style are required for most assignments in the Department of Adult
and Higher Education. The reference list contains all of the sources of information
that were cited (e.g., ideas from others used in the text) or quoted (e.g.,
actual words from others used in the text) in an assignment. The formatting
of the reference list enables readers at a glance to know what type of sources
(journal articles, books, etc.) have been used. The details of APA style
will vary depending on the specific source you are citing, so be sure to follow
the APA guidelines carefully. This section will provide tips, examples, and
resources relating to APA Style.
NOTE: The 5th edition of the Publication Manual of the American Psychological
Association is available at the Reference Desk at D.H. Hill Library
under the call number BF76.7 .P83 2001.
Tips
Tip 1: Basic Reference List Formatting
The basic format for a scholarly journal
article is:
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (2000).
Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, xxxxxx.
The basic format for an electronic scholarly journal article is:
Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (2000).
Title of article. Title of Periodical, xx, xxxxxx.
Retrieved month day, year, from source.
Example of citing an Internet article based on a print source:
VandenBos, G., Knapp, S., & Doe, J. (2001).
Role of reference elements in the selection of resources by psychology undergraduates
[Electronic version]. Journal of Bibliographic Research,
5, 117-123.
Example of citing an electronic copy of a journal article, three
to five authors, from a database:
| Borman, W. C., Hanson, M. A., Oppler, S.
H., Pulakos, E. D., & White, |
 |
L. A. (1993). Role of early supervisory experience in
supervisor performance. Journal of Applied Psychology, 78, 443-449.
Retrieved October 23, 2000, from PsycARTICLES database. |
"When referencing material obtained by searching an
aggregated database, follow the format appropriate to the work retrieved
and add a retrieval statement that gives the date of retrieval and
the proper name of the database."
Source: http://www.apastyle.org/elecgeneral.html and
http://www.apastyle.org/elecsource.html
Tip 2: Citing a Source Found in Another
Source
To cite a source
found in another source (AKA secondary sources), "refer
to both sources in the text, but include in the References list only the source
that you actually used."
Example: the "in-text citation
would be "(Bandura,
1989, as cited in Feist, 1998)." Feist (1998) would be fully referenced within
the list of References. Bandura (1989) would not be listed. For more information
on citing secondary sources, see Example 22 on p. 247 of the Publication
Manual."
Source: http://www.apastyle.org/faqs.html#13
Tip 3: Basic In-Text Citations
When incorporating in-text citations for short
quotations, "include
the author, year of publication, and the page number for the reference (preceded
by "p.").
Introduce the quotation with a signal phrase that includes the author's last
name followed by the date of publication in parentheses. [...] If the author
is not named in a signal phrase, place the author's last name, the year of
publication, and the page number in parentheses after the quotation. "
Sources: http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/02/ and
http://www.english.uiuc.edu/cws/wworkshop/writer_resources/citation_styles/apa/intext_citation.htm
Tip 4: Headings
Headings should reflect how your paper is organized. Sections
should be labeled, and it should be clear which sections are of equal significance
and which are subordinate to others.
Source: http://www.wisc.edu/writing/Handbook/DocAPAHeadings.html
Examples
Resources
APA Style -- http://www.apastyle.org/
APA Format (Univ.
of Minn. - Crookston)
APA
Style Essentials (Vanguard Univ. of Southern Calif.)
APA
Tutorial (Univ. of Southern Miss.)
Bibliography
Styles Handbook: APA (Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)
Citing Resources (Univ.
of Texas)
Using
APA Format (Purdue)
Writer's Handbook:
APA Documentation Style (Univ. of Wisconsin)
Librarian Contact Information
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